Oracle18版本数据库操作

Oracle18 常用操作语句

1.连接数据库

sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on 星期五 3月 26 17:18:05 2021
Version 18.4.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


连接到:
Oracle Database 18c Express Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 18.4.0.0.0

2.开启数据库： startup(现在我们处于cdb中)

SQL> startup;
ORA-01081: 无法启动已在运行的 ORACLE - 请先将其关闭

3.查看pdbs

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 XEPDB1                         READ WRITE NO

4.切换到pdbsu中 ：

SQL> alter session set container=XEPDB1;

会话已更改。

5.查看当前pdb详情。

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         3 XEPDB1                         READ WRITE NO

6.创建用户空间

create tablespace mySpace logging datafile  'C:\APP\TEST\PRODUCT\18.0.0\ORADATA\XE\XEPDB1\mySpace.DBF' size 4m autoextend on next 4m maxsize 2048m extent management local;

7.创建用户

CREATE USER "username" IDENTIFIED BY "password" ACCOUNT UNLOCK DEFAULT TABLESPACE "mySpace" TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP" PROFILE "DEFAULT";

8.用户授权

--dba为最高级权限，可以创建数据库，表等。
grant connect,resource,dba to username;
--session会话权限
grant create session to username;

9.导入数据

imp username/password@localhost/XEPDB1 touser=username file="F:\db.dmp" full=y ignore=y statistics=none

兼容低版本

ORA-00904: “WMSYS”.“WM_CONCAT”: 标识符无效

高版本并没有这个函数

-- 设置实例
export ORACLE_SID=test1

--首先使用dba账号登录oracle数据库
sqlplus / as sysdba

--解锁wmsys用户
alter user wmsys account unlock;

--并为wmsys用户授权，可根据需要授权，不建议授权所有权限
grant all privileges to wmsys;

--如果不知道wmsys用户的密码，可以修改其密码
alter user wmsys identified by 123456;

--查看对应的pdb
show pdbs;
-- 切换到pdb
alter session set container=XEPDB1;

--并为wmsys用户授权，可根据需要授权，不建议授权所有权限
grant all privileges to wmsys;

--使用wmsys用户登录数据库
conn wmsys/123456

-- 切换到pdb，（必须在pdb中创建函数）
alter session set container=XEPDB1;

--在wmsys下创建可用的wm_concat函数，直接执行以下语句
--定义类型
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE WM_CONCAT_IMPL AS OBJECT
(
    CURR_STR VARCHAR2(32767),
    STATIC FUNCTION ODCIAGGREGATEINITIALIZE(SCTX IN OUT WM_CONCAT_IMPL) RETURN NUMBER,
    MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAGGREGATEITERATE(SELF IN OUT WM_CONCAT_IMPL,P1 IN VARCHAR2) RETURN NUMBER,
    MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAGGREGATETERMINATE(SELF IN WM_CONCAT_IMPL,RETURNVALUE OUT VARCHAR2,FLAGS IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER,
    MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAGGREGATEMERGE(SELF IN OUT WM_CONCAT_IMPL,SCTX2 IN WM_CONCAT_IMPL) RETURN NUMBER
);
/

--定义类型body:
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE BODY WM_CONCAT_IMPL IS
    STATIC FUNCTION ODCIAGGREGATEINITIALIZE(SCTX IN OUT WM_CONCAT_IMPL) RETURN NUMBER IS
    BEGIN
        SCTX := WM_CONCAT_IMPL(NULL);
        RETURN ODCICONST.SUCCESS;
    END;
    MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAGGREGATEITERATE(SELF IN OUT WM_CONCAT_IMPL,P1 IN VARCHAR2) RETURN NUMBER IS
    BEGIN
        IF (CURR_STR IS NOT NULL) THEN CURR_STR := CURR_STR || ',' || P1; ELSE CURR_STR := P1; END IF;
        RETURN ODCICONST.SUCCESS;
    END;
    MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAGGREGATETERMINATE(SELF IN WM_CONCAT_IMPL,RETURNVALUE OUT VARCHAR2,FLAGS IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
    BEGIN
        RETURNVALUE := CURR_STR;
        RETURN ODCICONST.SUCCESS;
    END;
    MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAGGREGATEMERGE(SELF IN OUT WM_CONCAT_IMPL,SCTX2 IN WM_CONCAT_IMPL) RETURN NUMBER IS
    BEGIN
        IF (SCTX2.CURR_STR IS NOT NULL) THEN SELF.CURR_STR := SELF.CURR_STR || ',' || SCTX2.CURR_STR ; END IF;
        RETURN ODCICONST.SUCCESS;
    END;
END;
/
--自定义行变列函数:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION wm_concat(P1 VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 AGGREGATE USING WM_CONCAT_IMPL;
/

--创建完成，给其创建同义词及授权，以供其他用户能正常使用。
create public synonym WM_CONCAT_IMPL for wmsys.WM_CONCAT_IMPL
/
create public synonym wm_concat for wmsys.wm_concat
/
grant execute on WM_CONCAT_IMPL to public
/
grant execute on wm_concat to public
/